講座時間：2018年11月2日（星期五）上午10點
講座地點：生物樓 313會議室
講座題目：The evolution of modes of nutrition in forest fungi – from wood decay to symbiosis
專家簡介：Francis Martin 教授是法國農業科學院院士，法國國家農業研究所特聘研究主任，ARBRE (Advanced Research on the Biology of Tree and Forest Ecosystems)卓越實驗室負責人。
Francis Martin教授在法國亨利·波安加樂－南錫第一大學獲得植物科學博士學位，并在加州大學洛杉磯分校從事分子生物學博士后的研究，后在法國法國國家農業研究所工作至今。主要科研方向包括菌根共生、真菌演化以及森林生態學的發展途徑研究等。
Francis Martin教授先后在《Science》《Nature》《Nature Genetics》《PNAS》《New Phytologist》等全球頂級科學期刊發表多篇文章， H指數（h-index）高達79，論文引用次數達25166。同時，Francis Martin教授還擔任《New Phytologist》責任編輯、《Fungal, Biology & Genetics》《Fungal Biology Reviews》《PLoS Genetics》等多個國際著名高水平科學期刊的副主編工作。
講座簡介：Within the plant microbiota, mycorrhizal fungi are striking examples of microorganisms playing crucial roles in nutrient acquisition. They have coevolved with their hosts since the raise of land plants and the recent development of calibrated phylogenies, linked with the growing understanding of fungal genomes, provides remarkable insights into the evolutionary histories of mycorrhizal symbioses.
The comparison of 100+ genomes from mycorrhizal fungi, wood and soil decomposers has revealed several independent lifestyle transitions from saprotrophism to mutualism in fungal lineages. In addition to reconstructing the evolution of mycorrhizal symbioses, our growing ability to use reference genomes for profiling differentially-expressed transcripts, for instance, is helping us to identify hundreds of symbiosis-related genes.
This report will discuss recent genomic studies that have revealed the adaptations that seem to be fundamental to the convergent evolution of ectomycorrhizal fungi, including the loss of some metabolic functions, such as plant cell wall degrading enzymes, and the acquisition of small secreted effector-like proteins that facilitate the accommodation of symbiotic fungi within their host plants. Finally, This report will consider how these insights can be integrated into a model of the development of ectomycorrhizal symbioses and pave the way to a better understanding of their role in carbon cycling in forest ecosystems.
本次講座聯系人：戴玉成
歡迎各位老師、同學參加！
北京林木分子設計育種高精尖創新中心
2018年10月29日
